The 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is a remarkable coin in U.S. numismatic history. As the last year of the Liberty Head Nickel series and the only one to bear the āSā mint mark from the San Francisco Mint, it holds a special place for collectors.
This guide will delve into every detail of the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel, from its history and key characteristics to its current market value and why it remains so sought after.
Historical Background of the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel
The Liberty Head Nickel, also known as the “V” Nickel due to the Roman numeral on its reverse, was minted from 1883 to 1912. The 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is particularly significant because it was the first and only Liberty Head Nickel minted in San Francisco.
This coin marks the end of the Liberty Head series, which was soon replaced by the Buffalo Nickel in 1913.
Key Features of the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel
The 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel boasts several features that make it unique among U.S. coinage. Understanding these features is essential for collectors looking to identify and assess the value of this coin.
- Obverse Design: The obverse of the coin features the profile of Lady Liberty, adorned with a coronet inscribed with the word “LIBERTY.” Thirteen stars encircle the profile, representing the original thirteen colonies, and the date “1912” is displayed below.
- Reverse Design: The reverse side of the coin features a large Roman numeral “V,” representing the coin’s denomination of five cents. The inscription “E PLURIBUS UNUM” (Out of Many, One) is displayed above the numeral, with the words “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” encircling the top.
- Mint Mark: The “S” mint mark, located on the reverse below the dot near the rim, identifies the coin as being struck at the San Francisco Mint.
- Composition: The 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is composed of 75% copper and 25% nickel, with a total weight of 5 grams and a diameter of 21.2 mm.
Mintage and Rarity
The rarity of the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is one of the key factors driving its value. Here are the mintage details:
| Coin | Year | Mint Mark | Mintage | Estimated Surviving Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel | 1912 | S | 238,000 | Less than 10,000 in all grades |
The 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel had a total mintage of 238,000 coins, the lowest of any Liberty Head Nickel. Of these, it is estimated that fewer than 10,000 have survived in any condition, with high-grade examples being exceptionally rare.
Grading the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel
Grading is crucial for determining the value of a 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel. The coinās condition can range from well-worn to nearly perfect. Below is a simplified guide to the grading scale:
- Good (G-4): The coin shows significant wear, with the details on Libertyās hair and the stars mostly flattened. The “V” on the reverse may be weak, but the date and mint mark are still visible.
- Very Fine (VF-20): Moderate wear with clearer details, especially in Libertyās hair and the stars. The “V” remains sharp.
- Extremely Fine (EF-40): Slight wear on high points, but most details are crisp and clear. The mint mark is distinct, and the “V” is bold.
- Uncirculated (MS-60 to MS-65): No wear, with original mint luster and sharp details. Higher grades exhibit even more brilliance and fewer marks.
Market Value of the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel
The value of a 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel varies significantly based on its condition. Below is an approximate value chart based on different grades:
| Grade | Approximate Value |
|---|---|
| Good (G-4) | $125 – $200 |
| Very Fine (VF-20) | $350 – $600 |
| Extremely Fine (EF-40) | $1,000 – $1,500 |
| Uncirculated (MS-60) | $3,000 – $5,000 |
| Uncirculated (MS-65) | $10,000 – $15,000 |
These values are estimates and can fluctuate based on market demand and other factors, including historical significance and rarity.
Collecting the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel: Tips and Considerations
For collectors interested in acquiring a 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel, here are some important tips and considerations:
- Authenticity: Due to the coinās value, counterfeits are not uncommon. Always buy from reputable dealers and consider getting the coin authenticated by a professional grading service like PCGS or NGC.
- Condition: Higher-grade coins command premium prices. If budget allows, aim for coins in at least Very Fine condition.
- Storage: Proper storage is crucial to maintain the coinās condition. Store it in a climate-controlled environment and use protective holders to prevent damage.
The Legacy of the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel
The 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel holds a special place in U.S. numismatics due to its rarity and historical significance. As the final year of the Liberty Head series and the only one minted in San Francisco, it represents the end of an era in American coinage. For collectors, owning a 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is not just about possessing a valuable coin, but also about preserving a piece of history.
Conclusion
The 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is a coin that every serious collector aspires to own. Its rarity, historical significance, and the beauty of its design make it one of the most sought-after nickels in U.S. history. Whether you are a seasoned numismatist or a novice collector, the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is a coin worth pursuing.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Why is the 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel so valuable?
The 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is valuable due to its low mintage, historical significance as the last Liberty Head Nickel, and the fact that it was the only one minted in San Francisco.
How can I tell if my 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is authentic?
To ensure authenticity, purchase from reputable dealers and consider having the coin authenticated and graded by professional services like PCGS or NGC.
What is the highest grade for a 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel?
The highest grade for a 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel is MS-65, indicating a mint state coin with excellent luster and minimal imperfections.
How much is a 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel worth?
The value of a 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel can range from $125 in Good condition to $15,000 or more in Uncirculated condition.
How should I store my 1912-S Liberty Head Nickel?
Store the coin in a climate-controlled environment, using protective holders to prevent damage and preserve its condition.
